Historic Gardens

Tales of the unexpected: Unusual finds in our autumn gardens

Our gardeners are busy maintaining our gardens. But it's not just the beautiful bedding and topiary that's commanding their attention.

This season our gardeners are tending to flowers that only bloom in the evening, fruit trees linked to royalty and plants that were once cultivated for their healing properties.

Take a look at some of the more unusual, surprising and rare finds in our gardens this autumn.

Epiphyllum, or Queen of the Night plant that flowers in the evenings in Walmer Castle's glasshouse.

1. A plant that only flowers at night

You might not be able to see it in all its glory, but something enchanting happens in Walmer Castle's glasshouse overnight.

Epiphyllum, also known as 'Queen of the Night' or 'Orchid Cactus', is a succulent plant that only flowers in the evening.

During the day, Epiphyllum looks rather non-descript among the other foilage in the glasshouse. At night, it's known to have some 25-30 large white flowers in full bloom. Then, come morning, the flowers have wilted again.

Originally from South America, the Queen of the Night isn't typically pollinated by bees, instead, by moths and bats.

It was brought to Walmer Castle by the Lord Warden's wife in around 2008 and remains a fascinating addition to the glasshouse to this day. It's likely to flower until mid-September.

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2. Red squirrels are back at Belsay

A scurry of squirrels has returned to Belsay Hall, Castle and Gardens this autumn. And if you're lucky, you might spot one of these rare sightings for yourself.

Our gardeners are delighted to see the red squirrels again after a notable absence for several years. This was in line with a national decline in sightings.

Red squirrels are the UK's only native squirrel species. But they are officially classed as 'Near Threatened' in England, Wales and Northern Ireland.

You can also see red squirrels in the gardens at Osborne on the Isle of Wight.

 

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3. Osborne's storybook fungi

Look out for a colourful spread of fungi growing across the gardens at Osborne, Queen Victoria's holiday home on the Isle of Wight.

The early fungi are usually spotted by trees, although we think the best place to admire them – at a distance – is in the lawn areas where the vibrant red heads pop against the green grass.

Right through to the first frost, the wild fungi can cover the lawns in small but brightly coloured patches, making a spectacular sight for garden explorers.

The scarlet toadstools dotted with white spots are known as fly agaric (pictured) but you might also spot other varieties over the autumn like waxcaps or Clavulinas. But do watch your step. They may look enchanting but these fungi can be extremely poisonous so please leave them where they are and look, but don't touch.

 

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4. A Pear Tree Named By Elizabeth I

Every autumn our Black Worcester pear tree is ready for harvesting.

But many of our visitors don't know these striking fruit trees are linked to Elizabeth I's visit to the region in the 16th century. 

The story goes that during Elizabeth I's famous visit to Kenilworth Castle in 1575, the queen was presented with a pear tree.

She named the tree 'Black Worcester' for its dark colouring. It's this variety that still grows in our Elizabethan garden today. Keen observers will notice the tree also features on the crest of the City of Worcester.

The pears will cling to the trees through to the winter, but many are now being harvested for pear and cinnamon tray bakes. 

You can spot four Black Worcester pear trees in each quarter of the Elizabethan Garden today.

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5. A medicinal plant... with teeth!

A plant with teeth might sound like something from the Little Shop of Horrors musical, but that's the myth behind henbane found at Mount Grace Priory, House and Gardens this autumn.

According to the medieval Doctrine of Signatures, plants that resemble a part of the human body were intended by God to be a cure for diseases that affected that area.

Henbane (Hyoscyamus niger) is said to resemble teeth along a jawline, owing to its jagged autumn seed pods (pictured).

Therefore it's believed this is one of the reasons henbane was used to treat toothaches during the medieval period.

We grow henbane at Mount Grace to mirror the gardening carried out by the Carthusian monks in the 15th century

During the autumn, our gardens' team gathers pods from the tiny henbane seeds which then undergo a long period of refrigeration to induce germination. The seedlings are then carefully transplanted and grown under glass before being reintroduced to their garden setting in spring.

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Photo of an English Heritage staff member with a collection of pumpkins at the kitchen garden at Walmer Castle

Visit our Gardens IN AUTUMN

As the weather cools, our gardens transition into a vibrant autumnal colour palette of yellow, orange and brown. Keep cosy and enjoy wandering through our historic gardens where you'll discover the stories behind our leafy woodlands, decorative flower beds and seasonal kitchen produce.

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